Many individuals struggle with overeating ultraprocessed foods like chips, cereals, and sweets, even when aware of their potential health risks. This behaviour could be attributed to the manufacturing processes that render foods “predigested,” which may disrupt the body’s natural satiety signals. Starches and proteins are broken down into simpler components, allowing these foods to be easier and quicker to consume, diminishing the sensation of fullness.
Research indicates that ultraprocessed foods often lead to increased calorie intake and faster eating rates. A study found that participants gained weight when consuming a diet exclusively made up of these foods, while a minimally processed diet led to weight loss. In essence, ultraprocessed foods are less nutrient-dense and can cause disruptions in blood sugar levels, potentially increasing the risk of various chronic diseases, including obesity and type 2 diabetes.
While food processing can sometimes enhance nutrient availability, the extensive alteration of ingredients in ultraprocessed foods often results in the loss of essential nutrients. Ultimately, today’s food environment can overwhelm individuals trying to manage their weight, as these appealing, cheap, and convenient options are heavily marketed and readily available. As Dr. Chris van Tulleken notes, we face an “illusion of food” that complicates dietary choices.