The head of the United Nations nuclear watchdog, Rafael Grossi, recently stated that the recent US strikes on Iran did not sufficiently cripple the nation’s nuclear programme, suggesting that Tehran could resume uranium enrichment within months. This contradicts President Donald Trump’s assertions that the strikes significantly delayed Iran’s nuclear ambitions for decades. Grossi’s comments align with preliminary findings from the Pentagon, which indicated that the core components of Iran’s nuclear facilities remained largely intact following the attacks, which targeted critical sites.
The conflict began with Israel’s unprecedented military action designed to thwart Iran’s potential development of nuclear weapons, although Iran maintains that its nuclear programme is for peaceful purposes. Following an escalation of hostilities, the US launched airstrikes on three key Iranian nuclear sites. Ongoing debate surrounds the actual effectiveness of these strikes, with some officials, including Republican lawmakers, admitting that not all of Iran’s nuclear resources were eliminated; however, they contended that this wasn’t the primary goal of the military operation.
During a CBS interview, Grossi emphasised that while there had been serious damage to Iran’s nuclear capabilities, it was not complete. He noted that Iran still possesses the necessary infrastructure and expertise to quickly resume uranium enrichment if it chooses to do so. Despite the damage caused by the strikes, Grossi asserted that significant elements of Iran’s nuclear programme remain operational.
Grossi expressed the importance of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) gaining access to Iran to effectively monitor its nuclear activities. He pointed out that Iran had been cooperative in reporting their activities until the recent deterioration in relations after the military strikes. However, unresolved issues regarding uranium traces found at undisclosed sites in Iran still loom large, as Tehran has yet to provide satisfactory explanations.
As tensions escalate, Iran’s parliament has taken steps towards limiting cooperation with the IAEA and is reconsidering its commitment to the Non-Proliferation Treaty, which prevents the development of nuclear weapons among signatories. This situation highlights the precarious balance of power and diplomatic engagement within the region, as both sides navigate their strategic interests amidst mounting international scrutiny.
The need for clear dialogue and oversight is pressing, with Grossi urging responsible behaviour from all parties involved to ensure that nuclear proliferation is effectively monitored and contained. The future of Iran’s nuclear programme remains uncertain, heavily dependent on the diplomatic pathways that will emerge from this ongoing conflict.