In Nicaragua, at least 30 individuals have become infected with the deadly New World screwworm parasite (Cochliomyia hominivorax), which has resurfaced after being eradicated in the 1990s. This alarming resurgence began in 2024 and has already affected livestock and wildlife extensively across Central America, including Panama, Costa Rica, and Mexico.
The Nicaraguan health ministry has reported two severe cases requiring urgent hospital treatment, highlighting the severity of the infections. The screwworm larvae infiltrate the tissue of living mammals, typically entering through open wounds where the female fly lays its eggs. The larvae can cause significant damage as they burrow into healthy tissue, leading to painful and distressing conditions for those infected.
Since its re-emergence, the screwworm has been spreading towards the US border, prompting the USDA to suspend live cattle imports from Mexico in late 2024 to safeguard livestock. Experts warn that the rapid spread threatens the livelihoods of ranchers and the health of millions of animals, underscoring the urgent need for concerted action to contain the outbreak. Past efforts have shown that eradication is possible, but time is running out to prevent further escalation of this health crisis.