The incoming pope’s choice of name will provide significant insight into the direction of his papacy. Historically, the moment of announcing “Habemus Papam” from St Peter’s Basilica is followed by the newly elected pontiff revealing both his baptismal and papal names, the latter often carrying deep meaning. For instance, adopting the name Francis II would indicate a commitment to the ethos of Pope Francis, particularly his emphasis on outreach to the marginalised.
There are also whimsical suggestions regarding names, such as the former pope Francis jokingly proposing his successor might be John XXIV, alluding to the progressive John XXIII. Conversely, a name like Pius, the most common in the 20th century, would signal a more traditionalist approach.
Insights from experts highlight that during the conclave, cardinals likely enter with particular names in mind, reflecting their visions for the future of the Church. Traditionally, most popes in the Church’s early history kept their baptismal names, while the practice of adopting a new name became prominent around the 11th century as a means of signifying continuity with past leadership.
Notably, names hold importance: John has been the most frequently chosen, followed by Benedict and Gregory. The trend has shifted, particularly since the 20th century, with new popes increasingly selecting names that express the goals of their papacy.
The potential for names long out of favour may emerge, though some, like Innocent, are deemed unlikely due to the Church’s recent challenges. Pope Francis, elected in 2013 and named after St Francis of Assisi, prioritised issues such as aid for the poor and environmental concerns, thereby making a statement about inclusivity.
In contrast, Pope Benedict XVI’s name evoked respect for historical figures known for addressing crises, such as Benedict XV during World War I. The implications of the new pope choosing a name like Benedict would indicate a desire to move away from the more progressive stances taken by Francis.
The tradition of composite names, such as John Paul, is also notable; it reflects an intention to honour predecessors while guiding the Church towards reform. Notably, John XXIII is remembered for his unexpected impact on the Church through the Vatican II reforms, suggesting that adopting the name John could indicate a desire for significant change.
While traditional names remain an option, a new pope may also break from precedent entirely, adopting a completely unique name which could delineate his papacy as distinct from predecessors. Choices like Ignatius, commemorating the founder of the Jesuit order, could also indicate a continued lineage of Francis’ principles while simultaneously charting a fresh course for the Church.
Overall, the chosen name will serve as a potent symbol of the incoming pope’s priorities and the potential direction of the Catholic Church in the future.