Ozempic, a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist, is celebrated for its weight loss benefits and treatment of various health issues. However, recent research has identified potential negative side effects, including an elevated risk of arthritis and gastrointestinal disorders. A US study, published in Nature Medicine, analysed health data from approximately 2.4 million Americans with type 2 diabetes from 2017 to 2023, involving around 216,000 GLP-1 users. The findings indicated that while GLP-1s could reduce the risk of 42 health conditions, they may also increase the likelihood of 19 others.
Specifically, participants using GLP-1s showed a decreased risk of cardiovascular issues and neurocognitive disorders like Alzheimer’s, alongside lower incidences of psychotic and addiction disorders. Conversely, they faced a heightened risk of gastrointestinal issues, an 11% increase in arthritis risk, and a staggering 146% increase in pancreatitis risk. Additionally, the study indicated a risk of kidney problems and potential fainting episodes.
Despite these insights, the study’s limitations include a lack of participant diversity and unaccounted variables like age and lifestyle, which could influence results. More comprehensive studies with varied subjects are essential for understanding the full impact of GLP-1 drugs on health.