As of March 2, Queensland Health has reported an alarming increase in melioidosis cases, with 111 confirmed, marking a threefold rise compared to the same period in 2024. Most of these cases are concentrated in Cairns and Townsville, which are recovering from severe floods that occurred in February. Tragically, 16 Australians have succumbed to the disease this year, raising further concerns.
In the context of southeast Queensland, the threat of a melioidosis outbreak looms as the region grapples with flooding caused by the remnants of Cyclone Alfred. Melioidosis, a disease endemic to northern Queensland and the Northern Territory, thrives in warm, humid conditions often exacerbated by tropical cyclones and floods. Experts caution that similar environments can also facilitate its spread, as increased rainfall in southeast Queensland alters its landscape.
Melioidosis primarily resides in contaminated soil and water, posing risks to individuals in flood zones both during and after flooding events. The infection commonly enters the body through open cuts or abrasions and can also be inhaled in aerosolised droplets. Given the current environmental conditions, members of the public, particularly those engaged in cleanup efforts, are urged to take precautions.
To protect against melioidosis, health officials advise using personal protective equipment, including masks, safety goggles while using pressure cleaners, gloves, and sturdy footwear. Individuals should avoid cleaning or working in bare feet or sandals to minimise exposure. Additionally, those who are elderly or have weakened immune systems, such as people with diabetes or chronic diseases, are especially vulnerable and should exercise greater caution.
After disasters, it’s important to recognise the symptoms of melioidosis, which include fever, headaches, breathing difficulties, as well as chest and muscle pain. Symptoms may take between one to four weeks to manifest, so vigilance during the recovery phase is critical. If symptoms arise, seeking medical consultation promptly is essential for assessment and intervention.
In summary, the surge in melioidosis cases in Queensland, especially following recent floods, is a serious public health concern. Awareness and prompt action are vital to mitigating risks associated with this potentially fatal disease as communities continue cleanup efforts.