Carly Dober, a psychologist, frequently encounters clients attributing their struggles to their cortisol levels, a narrative seemingly fuelled by the online wellness community’s promotion of “cortisol detox” strategies as solutions for stress and fatigue. These influencers often link high cortisol to various health issues, from increased abdominal fat to sleep disturbances, while recommending detox methods like meditation, dietary changes, and supplements such as ginseng.
Dober highlights that these influencers are leveraging medical terminology to gain credibility and attract followers, which can lead to misguided beliefs about cortisol being a dangerous substance. According to Dober, this portrayal is misleading: cortisol is, in fact, vital for health. It is the primary stress hormone produced by the adrenal glands, essential for regulating blood pressure and metabolism. Professor Creswell Eastman, an endocrinologist, reinforces this; he notes that cortisol is not only necessary for life but also supports a protective response during stress, enabling humans to confront challenges.
The only conditions where excessive cortisol becomes a concern are rare, such as Cushing’s disease and Cushing’s syndrome, which cannot be resolved through detoxification. Dober emphasises the fallacy in the idea of detoxifying from cortisol, asserting that stress can be beneficial in moderation. She explains that a certain level of stress is essential for growth and learning, while chronic stress lasting over three months can indeed harm health.
Experts advocate for stress management as part of daily self-care rather than a singular focus on cortisol levels. Techniques like deep breathing, relaxation, and enhancing physical activity can help mitigate stress without fixating on hormone levels. Professor Karena Burke, head of psychology at the University of Wollongong, cautions against the narrow focus on cortisol reduction, highlighting that both excess and insufficient cortisol can pose issues.
Sustainable lifestyle changes, rather than quick fixes, are more effective. These may include dietary modifications, stress management, and fostering social connections. For serious stress concerns, it is advisable to consult a healthcare professional for tailored support. In essence, managing stress holistically and recognising the complexities of cortisol’s role in health can lead to more effective wellbeing strategies.