Memory lapses are common as people age, leading many to wonder if their forgetfulness is mere fatigue or a sign of dementia. Everyday occurrences, such as forgetting a person’s name shortly after an introduction or misplacing items, can be anxiety-inducing, particularly for those over a certain age. I spoke to four dementia and ageing specialists to clarify what’s considered typical forgetfulness, what might raise concern, and when to seek medical advice.
A study by Kaarin Anstey, a psychologist at the University of New South Wales, confirms that both older individuals and the overtired occasionally experience memory lapses. Anstey notes that forgetting names or placing items like car keys in unusual locations falls within normal parameters. As we age, processing speeds may slow, resulting in longer times to complete tasks, though high-functioning individuals may find this alarming.
However, certain forgetfulness patterns call for concern. If individuals frequently misplace essential items or lose track of important information—such as forgetting a recent death of a close friend—it may indicate a need for further evaluation of cognitive health. Dr Desmond Graham, a geriatrician, points out that struggles with language or repeatedly telling the same story might flag early signs of dementia. Similarly, routinely getting lost in familiar areas could signify an issue that merits attention.
Other causes of forgetfulness include sleeplessness, the aftermath of Covid-19, side effects from medications, or chronic stress. Moderate lifestyle alterations like regular exercise and a nutritious diet may also help stave off cognitive decline.
It’s essential to clarify that being inherently forgetful does not inherently increase one’s dementia risk, though it might complicate early-stage identification. Those with mild cognitive impairment, a precursor to dementia, often overlook troubling symptoms attributing them to normal aging.
For those facing memory concerns, experts strongly encourage consulting a GP or geriatrician. While only a fraction of those experiencing mild cognitive impairment progress to dementia, early intervention can be critical in mitigating risks. Overall, awareness and proactive health management are vital for navigating age-related cognitive changes.